Melasma is a challenging and stubborn pigmentation condition that must be troubling you a lot.
Family history of melasma is an important risk factor for melasma.
A recent study in 2017 found a gene called Taql that is associated with melasma.
Genetics are not everything though.
The other risk factors include female gender due to hormonal influence such as pregnancy. Being on birth control pills is another risk factor.
Another important risk factor is Sun exposure. Research has shown that sun exposure is strongly linked to melasma.
Melasma is a condition that can be treated with sun protection, sun avoidance, lightening creams and chemical peels. If these are not sufficient, you can also consider lasers.
Please speak to a doctor who is experienced in treating pigmentation for a treatment plan that is most suitable for you!
Warmest regards,
Dr Justin Boey